Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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In 79 C.E., the citizens of Pompeii in the Roman
Empire were buried by pyroclastic debris derived from an eruption of ____________.
a. | Mt. Olympus | b. | Olympus Mons | c. | Mt.
Vesuvius | d. | Mt. St. Helens |
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2.
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The characteristic “rotten egg” smell
of many active volcanoes is derived from ____________.
a. | iron and magnesium within
lava | b. | carbon dioxide gas | c. | stale water within the magma chamber | d. | hydrogen sulfide gas |
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3.
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Of the three primary forms of subaerial volcanoes,
____________ consist of a simple, conical pile of tephra.
a. | stratovolcanoes | b. | cinder cones | c. | shield
volcanoes |
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4.
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Of the three primary forms of subaerial volcanoes,
____________ consist of alternating layers of tephra and solidified lava.
a. | stratovolcanoes | b. | cinder cones | c. | shield
volcanoes |
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5.
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Phreatomagmatic eruptions take place when
____________.
a. | volatiles effervesce prior to lava
flow | b. | water enters the magma chamber and forms
steam | c. | basaltic lava clogs the
chimney | d. | lava or pyroclastic debris erupt by bursting through the
sides of the volcano |
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6.
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The greatest hazard to human life associated with
volcanoes is ____________.
a. | flowing lava | b. | volcanic gas | c. | falling
ash | d. | pyroclastic flows |
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7.
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At any point along the surface of an oblique
(nonvertical) fault, the ____________.
a. | hanging wall lies vertically above the
footwall | b. | footwall lies vertically above the hanging
wall | c. | hanging wall lies to the left of the
footwall | d. | footwall lies to the left of the hanging
wall |
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8.
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If, during an earthquake, a hanging wall slides
upward relative to a footwall, the fault is termed ____________ if the fault is steep (closer to
vertical than horizontal).
a. | normal | b. | reverse | c. | strike-slip | d. | thrust |
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9.
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The intersection between a fault plane and the
ground surface is called the ____________.
a. | dip line | b. | plunge | c. | fault
trace | d. | seismic interface |
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10.
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Aftershocks following a major earthquake
____________.
a. | may continue for days after the initial
earthquake | b. | are mostly much
smaller than the original earthquake | c. | may occur on the
same fault as the original earthquake, or a different fault | d. | all of the above |
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11.
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Generally which type of earthquake waves travel
fastest?
a. | interior waves | b. | R-waves | c. | surface
waves | d. | body waves |
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12.
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Surface waves ____________.
a. | travel more rapidly than body
waves | b. | produce most of the damage to buildings during
earthquakes | c. | are the first
waves initially produced in an earthquake | d. | are the first
waves to arrive at a seismograph station after an earthquake |
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13.
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Virtually all of the deaths attributed to major
earthquakes have resulted from the collapse of buildings.
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